avascular necrosis of the foot and ankle an issue
Gabe Smith-Ledner
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ad affected areas. Joint Preservation Procedures: For early stages, such as osteochondral grafts. Resection and Arthrodesis: For joint collapse or extensive necrosis. Total Ankle Arthroplasty or Arthrodesis: In cases of severe joint destruction. Emerging and Experimental Therapies Stem Cell Ther
